COMPONENT INTEGRATION

Python scripts can easily communicate with other application variety of integration mechanisms.

Python code can invoke C/C++ libraries and can be called from C/C++.

For example, integrating a C library into Python enables Python to test and launch the library's component, and embedding Python in a product enables onsite customizations to be coded without having to recompile the entire product.

It can integrate with Java and .Net components, and it can communicate over frameworks such as COM. It also can interface with devices over serial ports, and can interact over networks with interfaces like SOAP, XML-RPC, and COBRA.

Another alternative ways to script components are:

Cython system allows coders to mix Python and C-code.
SWIG and SIP code generators can automate much of the work needed to link compiled components into Python.
Python's COM support.
Iron Python .NET frameworks based implementation.
Jython: Java-based implementation.
COBRA toolkits for Python.

DATABASE PROGRAMMING

For general database, Python gives us interfaces to all RDBS - Sybase, Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQLite.
Python's standard pickle module provides a simple object persistence system.

GUI

Python's simplicity and rapid turnaround make it a good match for graphical user interface programming. Python comes with a object-oriented interface to the Tk GUI API called tkinter which allows Python to implement portable GUIs with native look and feel.

Python/tkinter GUIs run unchanged for different platforms.

INTERNET SCRIPTING

Python scripts can:

Communicate over sockets.
Extract form information sent to server-side CGI scripts.
Transfer files by FTP.
Parse, generate, and analyze XML files.
Send, receive, compose, and parse email.
Fetch web pages by URLs.
Parse the HTML and XML of fetched web pages.
Communicate over XML-RPC, SOAP, and Telnet.

There are framework web development packages for Python:

Django
TurboGears
web2py
Pylons
Zope
WebWare

SYSTEM PROGRAMMING

Python's built-in interfaces to OS services make it ideal for writing portable shell tools.
Python's standard library comes with POSIX binding and support for all the usual OS tools.

FROZEN BINARIES

It is possible to turn our Python programs into true executables. This is known asfrozen binaries. Frozen binaries bundles together the byte code of our program files, along with the PVM interpreter and any Python support files our program needs, into a single package, a single binary executable program like .exe file on Windows. In other words, the byte code and PVM are merged into a single component.

Frozen binaries are not the same as the output of a true compiler. They run byte code through a virtual machine. Frozen binaries are not small because they contain PVM, but they are not unusually large either.

Three primary systems are capable of generating frozen binaries:

py2exe for Windows.
PyInstaller is similar to py2exe but also works on Linux and Unix.
freeze.